https://www.imosver.com/en/libros/filipo-de-macedonia-CIM0016544CIM0016544Filipo de Macedonia25.6Filipo de Macedonia, conquistador de Grecia, forjador de la falange, estadista genial, y, sin embargo, eclipsado por dos colosos contemporáneos: Demóstenes, su gran antagonista, y su propio hijo, Alejhttps://static.imosver.com/imagenes_small/9788412/978841274438.jpgLibrosLibros/HISTORIASin stockDESPERTA FERRO000https://static.imosver.com/imagenes_small/9788412/978841274438.jpg0010378896TER0016891DIG001209726.9551.352024/01/319788412744385Agudo Villanueva, MarioLibrosaño_2024idioma_SpanishCformato_Tapa blanda o Bolsilloautor_Agudo Villanueva, Mariosaga_Historia Antigua
Artículo
Filipo de Macedonia
Agudo Villanueva Mario
DESPERTA FERRO
HISTORIA
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Filipo de Macedonia, conquistador de Grecia, forjador de la falange, estadista genial, y, sin embargo, eclipsado por dos colosos contemporáneos: Demóstenes, su gran antagonista, y su propio hijo, Alejandro Magno, acaso la figura más célebre de la Antigüedad. Si el orador dibujó en sus ácidas Filípicas el retrato de un tirano que acabó con la democracia ateniense, el vástago de Filipo empequeñeció los logros de su progenitor, llevando su planeada invasión del Imperio persa hasta donde ningún griego hubiera siquiera soñado. Pero doblegar a los aqueménidas, quemar Persépolis y alcanzar las orillas del Indo jamás hubiera sido posible sin los sólidos cimientos plantados por su padre. La irrupción de Macedonia en el siglo IV a.C. coincidió con el declive de las hasta entonces potencias hegemónicas en la Hélade, Esparta, Tebas y, sobre todo, Atenas, desplazadas en apenas unos años por ese reino periférico. Filipo de Macedonia fue el gran artífice de esta transformación, por lo que la propaganda política de sus rivales le presentó como un hombre despiadado y sanguinario, oportunista y calculador, embaucador, borracho y mujeriego, un tirano dispuesto a todo por reducir a los griegos a la esclavitud. Una imagen afianzada en el imaginario colectivo, donde la figura de Alejandro Magno se dibuja a partir del turbulento triángulo afectivo que formaba con sus progenitores, Filipo, un padre beodo y maltratador, y Olimpíade, una madre mística, posesiva y conspiradora. Sin embargo, el análisis de las fuentes literarias y arqueológicas que nos brinda Mario Agudo Villanueva en su libro Filipo de Macedonia permite liberarnos de esa imagen para descubrir a un gobernante capaz de rescatar del abismo a un reino desahuciado, de reformar el ejército hasta convertirlo en una máquina invicta, de manejar los hilos de la diplomacia griega con una astucia formidable y de explotar los recursos naturales de su territorio para convertir a Macedonia en la mayor potencia económica, política y militar del momento. Si no podemos entender el mundo antiguo sin Alejandro, no podemos entender Alejandro sin Filipo.